| Net mass | Target dose in grams | Starting quantity placed in the pack | Filled-weight checks across the sample run |
| Density | g/mL at filling temperature and condition | Converts mass to occupied product volume | Method, temperature, and replicate readings |
| Headspace | Planned percentage plus actual fill height | Protects seal area and accommodates process variation | Photographs and measured fill line before/after settling |
| Geometry | Supplier drawing with seals, zipper, fitment, gusset | External dimensions do not equal usable internal volume | Filled mock-up, stance, evacuation, and carton fit |
| Product behavior | Aeration, settling, particles, foam, thermal state | Changes real occupied volume and seal cleanliness | Fresh-fill and conditioned samples |